Application of two noninvasive scores in predicting the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates: a comparative analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the value of Silverman-Anderson score versus Downes score in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates.@*METHODS@#The convenience sampling method was used to select the full-term neonates with lung diseases who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit from July 2020 to July 2021. According to the diagnostic criteria for neonatal respiratory failure, they were divided into a respiratory failure group (65 neonates) and a non-respiratory failure group (363 neonates). Silverman-Anderson score and Downes score were used for evaluation. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to compare the value of the two noninvasive scores in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates.@*RESULTS@#Among the 428 full-term neonates, 65 (15.2%) had respiratory failure. The Silverman-Anderson score had a significantly shorter average time spent on evaluation than the Downes score [(90±8) seconds vs (150±13) seconds; P<0.001]. The respiratory failure group had significantly higher points in both the Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores than the non-respiratory failure group (P<0.001). The Silverman-Anderson score had an AUC of 0.876 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.908, a specificity of 0.694, and a Youden index of 0.602 at the optimal cut-off value of 4.50 points. The Downes score had an AUC of 0.918 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.723, a specificity of 0.953, and a Youden index of 0.676 at the optimal cut-off value of 6.00 points. The Downes score had significantly higher AUC for predicting respiratory failure than the Silverman-Anderson score (P=0.026).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores can predict the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates. The Silverman-Anderson score requires a shorter time for evaluation, while the Downes score has higher prediction efficiency. It is recommended to use Downes score with higher prediction efficiency in general evaluation, and the Silverman-Anderson score requiring a shorter time for evaluation can be used in emergency.

Development of cartilage extracellular matrix in cartilage tissue engineering / 华西口腔医学杂志

Cartilage tissue engineering, an effective way to repair cartilage defects, requires an ideal scaffold to promote the regeneration performance of stem cells. Cartilage extracellular matrix (CECM) can imitate the living environment of cartilage cells to the greatest extent. CECM not only exhibits good biocompatibility with chondrocytes and stem cells, which can meet the basic requirements of scaffolds, but also promotes chondrocytes to secrete matrix and induce stem cells to differentiate into chondrocytes; as such, this matrix is a better scaffold and has more advantages than existing ones. The promotion and induction effects could be related to various cartilage-related proteins inside. However, the practical application of this technique is hindered by problems, such as poor mechanical properties and insufficient cell penetration of CECM. Association with other materials can compensate for these inadequacies to a certain degree, and finding a combination mode with optimized performance is the application trend of CECM. This review focuses on research of CECM materials in cartilage tissue engineering.

Preparation and evaluation of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel for cartilage tissue engineering / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to optimize the preparation of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate (CMCS/OSA) compound hydrogels. This study also aimed to investigate the applicability of the hydrogels in cartilage tissue engi-neering.@*METHODS@#Three groups of CMCS/OSA composite hydrogels with amino-to-aldehyde ratios of 2∶1, 1∶1 and 1∶2 were prepared. The microstructure, physical properties, and cell biocompatibility of the three groups of CMCS/OSA com-posite hydrogels were evaluated. Samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopy, rheological test, adhesion tension test, swelling rate test, and cell experiments to identify the CMCS/OSA composite hydrogel with the cross-linking degree that can meet the requirements for scaffolds in cartilage tissue engineering.@*RESULTS@#The experimental results showed that the CMCS/OSA hydrogel with a amine-to-aldhyde ratio of 1∶1 had good porosity, suitable gelling time, strong adhesive force, stable swelling rate, and good cellular biocompatibility.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The CMCS/OSA compound hydrogel prepared with a 1∶1 ratio of amino and aldehyde groups has potential applications in cartilage tissue engineering.

In vitro cartilage production using an extracellular matrix-derived scaffold and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Cartilage repair is a challenging research area because of the limited healing capacity of adult articular cartilage. We had previously developed a natural, human cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived scaffold for in vivo cartilage tissue engineering in nude mice. However, before these scaffolds can be used in clinical applications in vivo, the in vitro effects should be further explored.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We produced cartilage in vitro using a natural cartilage ECM-derived scaffold. The scaffolds were fabricated by combining a decellularization procedure with a freeze-drying technique and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological staining, cytotoxicity assay, biochemical and biomechanical analysis. After being chondrogenically induced, the induction results of BMSCs were analyzed by histology and Immunohisto-chemistry. The attachment and viability assessment of the cells on scaffolds were analyzed using SEM and LIVE/DEAD staining. Cell-scaffold constructs cultured in vitro for 1 week and 3 weeks were analyzed using histological and immunohistochemical methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SEM and micro-CT revealed a 3-D interconnected porous structure. The majority of the cartilage ECM was found in the scaffold following the removal of cellular debris, and stained positive for safranin O and collagen II. Viability staining indicated no cytotoxic effects of the scaffold. Biochemical analysis showed that collagen content was (708.2-44.7) µg/mg, with GAG (254.7 ± 25.9) µg/mg. Mechanical testing showed the compression moduli (E) were (1.226 ± 0.288) and (0.052 ± 0.007) MPa in dry and wet conditions, respectively. Isolated canine bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) were induced down a chondrogenic pathway, labeled with PKH26, and seeded onto the scaffold. Immunofluorescent staining of the cell-scaffold constructs indicated that chondrocyte-like cells were derived from seeded BMSCs and excreted ECM. The cell-scaffold constructs contained pink, smooth and translucent cartilage-like tissue after 3 weeks of culture. We observed evenly distributed cartilage ECM proteoglycans and collagen type II around seeded BMSCs on the surface and inside the pores throughout the scaffold.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggests that a cartilage ECM scaffold holds much promise for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering.</p>

Expression of Osterix mRNA and protein levels in cultured human periodontal ligament cells after mechanical stimulation / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the expression of Osterix (Osx) mRNA and protein after application of mechanical force on human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs), and to investigate the role of Osx in orthodontic alveolar bone remodeling.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HPDLCs were isolated and cultured in vitro with explant method. Approximately 2.5 x 10(5) cells were seeded onto six-well cell culture plates and then were exposed to centrifugal force for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 h at 631 r x min(-1). The expression of Osx mRNA and protein was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain raction (RT-PCR) and Western blot respectively. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression and subcellular At the initial time point, Osx mRNA had a weak exlocalization of Osx protein by green fluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>pression and protein was not detected. Under the mechanical stimulation, both mRNA and protein levels of Osx were upregulated in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Osx protein was translocated gradually from the cytosol into the cell nuclei.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression and activation of Osx were enhanced by mechanical stress in HPDLCs, which indicates that Osx may play an important role in HPDLCs osteogenic differentiation and periodontal tissue remodeling induced by mechanical stress.</p>

Effects of orthodontic treatment on temporomandibular joint in adult female low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen adult female low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion were included in the study. All patients were treated with OPA-K straight wire technique. Lateral cephalometric and corrected transcranial projection films were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric analysis was carried out. All data were analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After orthodontic treatment, the linear measurement and area of anterior space in TMJ increased by 0.27 mm (P < 0.001) and 0.70 mm(2) (P < 0.01), respectively, while the posterior space decreased by 0.24 mm and 0.67 mm(2), respectively (P < 0.001). Linear ratio decreased from 22.13% to 9.64% (P < 0.001), and area proportion decreased from 1.56 to 1.19 (P < 0.01). Anterior space became equal to the posterior space. Cephalometric analysis showed that point Co, Ar, Go and Pg were all retruded (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After orthodontic therapy, the condyle moved posteriorly to normal concentric position, which would be helpful in alleviating temporomandibular disorders (TMD) symptom in adult low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion.</p>

Comparison study of friction of FAS self-ligating bracket and traditional self-ligating bracket / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure the frictions between FAS bracket and stainless steel wire under different two conditions, and compare two traditional self-ligating brackets.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FAS bracket was a new-style self-ligating bracket with a friction adjusting system (FAS) to adjust the friction as the wires slide in the bracket. Firstly, FAS bracket 20 times of original size was made, then the frictions were measured respectively made by the steel round wires of diameters 8.128 0 mm or the steel square wires in size of 9.1440 mm x 12.7000 mm. It was divided into two adjusting states, and used the same method to measure Damon III and SPEED bracket in 20 times of original size.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the shim entirely drew in, all the frictions of the arch wire had no significant difference with the Damon III. When 8.1280 mm stainless steel round wire was used, SPEED bracket had no significant difference with FAS. When 9.1440 mm x 12.7000 mm square wire was used, they had significant difference (P < 0.05). On turning half a circle, all the frictions of the arch wire had significant difference with two tradition bracket (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new-style FAS bracket can adjust the friction efficiently. Under no pressure state, the friction force is similar to Damon III. Under pressure state, FAS bracket locks the wires, and provides the sliding of wires.</p>

Effects of non-surgical treatment on temporomandibular joint of adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal class III deformity / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate effects of non-surgical treatment on temporal mandibular joint(TMJ) of adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal Class III deformity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen low-angle patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion (male 5, female 8) were included in the study. The average age was 21.3 years old. They were treated with OPA-K straight wire technique. Helkimo index evaluation was made before and after treatment. Lateral cephalometric films and corrected TMJ lateral cephalometric radiograghs were taken before and after treatment, and linear and area measurement were observed. All data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After non-surgical treatment, Helkimo indexes of all patients redistributed. The line distance and area of anterior space in TMJ increased while the posterior space decreased. Linear percent decreased from 20.81% to 8.04%, and area proportion decreased from 1.62 to 1.01. Anterior space was the same as the posterior. Condyles and mandibles were retruded.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>After non-surgical therapy in adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion, condyles remove posteriorly from more anterior position to normal concentric position, and temporo-mandibular disorders symptom is relieved and cured effectively.</p>

In vitro stimulation of retinoic acid syndrome by rotary cell culture system and its relationship with expression of CXCR4 and SDF-1 alpha / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular mechanism and prevention of retinoic acid syndrome (RAS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SDF-1 alpha mRNA from healthy adult lung tissue was measured by RT-PCR, CXCR4 protein expression on the cell membrane of APL cells induced by ATRA (APL-ATRA) was tested by FCM, and the rotary cell culture system (RCCS) was used to build a modal for in vitro stimulation of APL-ATRA infiltrating human lung tissue. The ability of APL-ATRA in adhesion, migration and infiltration was observed by interference from DEX, Ara-C and DNR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The APL-ATRA cells could evidently infiltrate into normal lung tissue. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CXCR4 on the cell membrane of APL-ATRA cells was 30.6 +/- 1.8, which was much higher than that on unspecialized APL cells (9.8 +/- 4.2). SDF-1 alpha mRNA expression was detected positive in all 6 lung tissue. Contrary to the control groups, DEX could dramatically restrain the ability of APL-ATRA cells in adhesion and migration [(27.2 +/- 2.6)% vs. (46.0 +/- 3.0)%, (28.1 +/- 4.0)% vs. (48.2 +/- 3.0)%], while Ara-C and DNR could distinctly depress the ability in adhesion, migration and infiltration [(28.1 +/- 3.0)%, (30.2 +/- 3.2)% vs. (46.0 +/- 3.0)%; (29.0 +/- 4.0)%, (23.0 +/- 5.2)% vs. (48.2 +/- 3.0)%; (16.8 +/- 7.6)%, (17.1 +/- 6.0)% vs. (43.6 +/- 5.0)%].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro APL-ATRA cells can infiltrate into the human lung tissue. High expression of CXCR4 on APL-ATRA and SDF-1 alpha in the lung tissue may be one of the molecular mechanisms of the lung infiltration and RAS. DEX, Ara-C and DNR can dramatically restrain the ability of APL-ATRA cells in adhesion, migration and infiltration.</p>

Expression of Runx2/Cbfa1 in the developing pulpo-dentinal complex of postnatal mice / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of Runx2/Cbfa1 in the developing dentin and differentiating odontoblasts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A postnatal mice teeth developing model was built histologically. Immunohistochemical technique was adopted to determine the expression of Runx2/Cbfa1 in the developing pulpo-dentinal complex in mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Runx2/Cbfa1 was merely present in predentin in the exact and before the 11th day's postnatal stages. Meanwhile, it was positively located in odontoblasts and dental pulp cells in root region, but negatively in coral part after the 11th day's stages.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Runx2/Cbfa1 may play an important role in the deposing of tooth dentin and in the differentiating of odontoblasts and pulp cells.</p>

Clinical Efficacy of Hypnotherapy in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder / 中国心理卫生杂志

0.05),The recovery rate of experimental group and control group were 9.4%、10.0% respectively.Conclusion:Hypnotherapy is effective in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with good compliance.